The project produced a three‑axis cutting‑force dynamometer that integrates a T‑shaped mild‑steel shank, a carbide cutting insert, and a Wheatstone‑bridge strain-gauge network; raw bridge voltages are read by an Arduino microcontroller running custom C++ firmware that implements the calibrated conversion equations for tangential, feed, and radial forces, performs real-time computation of force values, and writes the results to an SD-card data logger; the firmware was validated against a simulated finite-element calibration (showing 0.1–17% error) and against linear and non-linear predictive models, achieving R² values between 0.80 and 0.93, thereby confirming that the embedded system accurately captures and stores the experimental cutting-force data.